What is Tsunami
Tsunami is a sea wave that rushes forward like a big water monster by creating huge waves in the sea and flying away. The word tsunami was coined in 1963 by the International Council of Scientists.
Tsunami means harbor wave. Waves occur on the ocean floor due to occasional waves. That is, when earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, and nuclear bomb explosions occur, as well as natural disasters such as tsunamis when asteroids, meteorites, and tail drops fall into the ocean, intense energy is released. The resulting force pushes the ocean waves. It is these sequences of evolution that turn into tsunamis.
How do earthquakes cause tsunamis?
Tsunamis can occur when the ocean floor is damaged and it vertically displaces the sea surface water. When these types of earthquakes occur on the ocean floor, the water body on the surface loses its stability due to the displacement of the damaged area. Waves are then formed as the body of water regains its stillness under the influence of gravity.
How the Himalayas were formed
50 million years ago, the entire earth was divided into two regions. One is the sea area Panthalassa and the other is the land (Ponga). After some years the land area gradually split into Chile and Gondwana Eurasia. In the land of Gondwana, the regions of present-day Africa, South America, India, Australia, and Antarctica were together. China, Russia, and Europe were in Eurasia. This situation dates back 12 to 13 million years ago. Later Gondwana started to split. The Indian subcontinent began to move northward and eventually merged with Eurasia. Before that, there was a sea called Tethys between Eurasia and Bharata Plate. But as this region went and collided with Eurasia, it penetrated the moon and formed the Himalayas.
Causes of earthquakes
The Indian plate is still moving northward due to ridges in the Indian Ocean. Earthquakes occur on the Deccan Plateau due to that stress. Initially, the Himalayas and North Eastern states were mostly earthquake-prone in North India. The rocks at the bottom of the Deccan Plateau are the oldest. Earthquakes did not occur here at that time. But as the Indian continent moves northward, earthquakes are also gradually occurring in the southern states. The Indian plate has already merged with the Eurasian plate. However, the Indian plate is moving northward due to ridges in the Indian Ocean. Due to this pressure, the Indian plate is going under Eurasia. Earthquakes occur here as the weak areas in the Deccan Plateau adjust due to the lack of space in the north direction, where the Eurasian plate exerts all the pressure.
Earth plates
The top layer of the earth is called the crust. The thickness of this layer ranges from 70-110 km. It is divided into 7 large slabs and some smaller slabs. 1. American Plate 2. African Plate 3. Eurasian Plate 4. Antarctic Plate 5. Indian Plate 6. Pacific Plate 7. Burma Plate. These are all major plaques.
How do Tsunamis form?
How do Tsunamis form?